MongoDB / Indexing Interview Questions 2026

Published July 22, 2026 · Updated July 22, 2026

10 MongoDB / Indexing interview questions from General, Amazon, TCS and more. Real questions from Technical, System Design, and HR rounds.

10 questions
Companies: General, Amazon, TCS

All MongoDB / Indexing Questions

General Hard Scenario round 4-8 years

Your MongoDB write throughput dropped 80% after enabling journaling and write concern w:majority. Explain what each does and propose a solution that maintains durability without killing performance.

↑ 65 upvotes · 13 engineers asked this · SDE2
General Hard System Design round 4-7 years

Design a MongoDB schema for a chat application. Messages belong to conversations. Users can be in many conversations. You need to query: all messages in a conversation (paginated), all conversations for a user (sorted by latest message).

↑ 64 upvotes · 12 engineers asked this · SDE2
General Hard Technical round 3-6 years

Your MongoDB collection has 50 million documents. A query filtering on a nested array field is doing a full collection scan despite having an index on that field. What's likely wrong?

↑ 63 upvotes · 11 engineers asked this · SDE2
TCS Hard Screening round 3-6 years

How do you model a tree structure (category hierarchy) in MongoDB? Compare parent-reference, child-reference, and materialized path.

↑ 54 upvotes · 52 engineers asked this · SDE2
Amazon Hard Screening round 3-6 years

Explain MongoDB's write concern and read preference options. What trade-offs do they make?

↑ 53 upvotes · 51 engineers asked this · SDE2
TCS Hard Technical round 3-6 years

What is a MongoDB aggregation pipeline? Write one that joins two collections and computes grouped statistics.

↑ 52 upvotes · 50 engineers asked this · SDE2
TCS Hard Screening round 3-6 years

Explain when you should NOT use MongoDB and should use a relational database instead.

↑ 51 upvotes · 49 engineers asked this · SDE2
Amazon Hard Screening round 4-8 years

Your MongoDB replica set has 3 nodes. The primary goes down. How long before writes can resume and what determines this?

↑ 12 upvotes · 20 engineers asked this · SDE2
General Hard Screening round 4-8 years

Explain MongoDB's WiredTiger storage engine. How does its document-level locking differ from earlier MMAPv1 collection-level locking?

↑ 11 upvotes · 19 engineers asked this · SDE2
General Hard Technical round 3-7 years

You have a MongoDB aggregation pipeline that runs for 30 seconds on a collection with 10 million documents. How do you optimize it?

↑ 10 upvotes · 18 engineers asked this · SDE2

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Same topic at specific companies

General MongoDB / Indexing Amazon MongoDB / Indexing TCS MongoDB / Indexing

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Frequently asked questions

Your MongoDB write throughput dropped 80% after enabling journaling and write concern w:majority. Explain what each does and propose a solution that maintains durability without killing performance.
Your MongoDB write throughput dropped 80% after enabling journaling and write concern w:majority. Explain what each does and propose a solution that maintains durability without killing performance.
Design a MongoDB schema for a chat application. Messages belong to conversations. Users can be in many conversations. You need to query: all messages in a conversation (paginated), all conversations for a user (sorted by latest message).
Design a MongoDB schema for a chat application. Messages belong to conversations. Users can be in many conversations. You need to query: all messages in a conversation (paginated), all conversations for a user (sorted by latest message).
Your MongoDB collection has 50 million documents. A query filtering on a nested array field is doing a full collection scan despite having an index on that field. What's likely wrong?
Your MongoDB collection has 50 million documents. A query filtering on a nested array field is doing a full collection scan despite having an index on that field. What's likely wrong?
How do you model a tree structure (category hierarchy) in MongoDB? Compare parent-reference, child-reference, and materialized path.
How do you model a tree structure (category hierarchy) in MongoDB? Compare parent-reference, child-reference, and materialized path.
Explain MongoDB's write concern and read preference options. What trade-offs do they make?
Explain MongoDB's write concern and read preference options. What trade-offs do they make?